Indirect Immunofluorescence of Pemphigus Serum in Calcium Buffer on Intact Human Skin

IgG cell surface (intercellular substance) staining (40x)

IgG linear basement membrane zone (20x) and C3 linear basement membrane zone (40x)

Indirect Immunofluorescence of Pemphigoid Serum on Human Split Skin Substrate

IgG epidermal pattern (roof of split) (20x)

Indirect Immunofluorescence of Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita Serum on Human Split Skin Substrate

IgG dermal pattern (floor of split)

Indirect Immunofluorescence of Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis Serum on Human Split Skin Biopsy

IgA epidermal pattern (roof of split) (40x)

Direct Immunofluorescence of Dermatitis Herpetiformis Skin Biopsy

IgA granular basement membrane zone with stippling in dermal papillae (40x)

Endomysial Antibody IgA Indirect Immunofluorescence of Serum on Human Umbilical Cord Substrate

Endomysium staining (40x)

Direct Immunofluorescence of Lupus Erythematosus Skin Biopsy
(Lichenoid changes may also be observed)

C3 granular basement membrane zone (40x)

Direct Immunofluorescence of Lichen Planus or Lichenoid Reaction Skin Biopsy

IgM scattered and clumped cytoids

Direct Immunofluorescence of Cutaneous Vasculitis (including Urticarial Vasculitis) Skin Biopsy

Fibrinogen blood vessels (vessels may also stain for IgG, IgM, IgA and C3; IgA vascular staining is characteristic of Henoch Schönlein purpura)

Direct Immunofluorescence of Porphyria or Pseudoporphyria Skin Biopsy

C3 granular and fibrinogen weak thick basement membrane zone and perivascular

Indirect Immunofluorescence of Eosinophil Granule Major Basic Protein in Urticaria Skin Biopsy

Few intact eosinophils and extensive extracellular granular major basic protein deposition