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Liver cancer starts in the tissues of the liver, an important organ that helps clean the blood and digest food. While liver cancer is not very common in the United States, some groups, including American Indians/Alaska Natives, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics, may be at higher risk. This is because of higher rates of infection like hepatitis B (HepB) and hepatitis C (HepC).
Many of the risks associated with liver cancer can be reduced through early detection and healthy choices. Talking to a doctor and staying informed can help prevent or catch liver cancer early.
Does hepatitis cause liver cancer?
The HepB or HepC virus can harm the liver and increase risk of liver cancer. These viruses spread when the blood or body fluid of an infected person gets in the body of someone who is not infected. If HepB or HepC is not treated, it can cause long-term damage to the liver, which may lead to liver cancer.
Progression of Liver Damage
Healthy
Healthy liver tissues, functioning normally.
Hepatitis
Inflammation in liver tissues.
Fibrosis
Scar tissue starts to form due to inflammation.
Cirrhosis
Severe, permanent scarring makes it difficult for liver to function.
Cancer
Scar tissue prevents proper liver function. Cells can become damaged and potentially cancerous.
How can I prevent hepatitis infection?
The good news is that hepatitis is preventable, and reducing your risk can also lower your chance of liver cancer. Here is how you can prevent infection:
Get the HepB vaccine
Anyone can receive the HepB vaccine, starting at birth. Most children in the U.S. receive the HepB vaccine as part of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC)’s recommended vaccine schedule. If you are not sure if you or your child has had the HepB vaccine, ask your doctor or visit your state or local immunization registry. Here are some tips for locating old vaccination records.
Avoid contact with blood and body fluids
Avoid contact with blood and body fluids from people who may have HepB or HepC. Visit the CDC’s website to learn more about how hepatitis spreads. Talk to your doctor if you think you have been exposed to the hepatitis virus.
If you or a loved one are worried about your risk, talk with a doctor. Read about other causes and risk factors for liver cancer.
If you have questions about liver cancer or any other cancer topic, contact the G. Mitchell Morris Cancer Learning Center at Huntsman Cancer Institute.