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H. Immo Lehmann
Rating: 4.9 of 5
( out of 107 reviews )

H. Immo Lehmann, MD, PhD

Languages spoken: English, French, German

Clinical Locations

Primary Location

Cardiovascular Center

Cardiovascular Center
50 N Medical Dr
Salt Lake City , UT 84132

Sugar House Health Center

1280 E. Stringham Avenue
Salt Lake City , UT 84106

U of U Health Elko Specialty Clinic

Cardiovascular Outreach Clinic
247 Bluffs Ave
Elko , NV 89801
  • H. Immo Lehmann, M.D., Ph.D., FACC, FHRS is a Cardiologist and Assistant Professor who specializes in heart rhythm disorders such as atrial fibrillation and flutter, supraventricular arrhythmias, and ventricular arrhythmias at the University of Utah.

    A native of Northern Germany, he completed his Internal Medicine Residency at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). He completed fellowships in Cardiovascular Medicine at the Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA where he was also a John S. LaDue Memorial Fellow. He subsequently completed a fellowship in Cardiovascular Electrophysiology at the University of Michigan. During his training he also gathered extensive research experience in electrophysiology, investigating innovative and cutting-edge therapeutic technologies for arrhythmia treatment at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN.

    Dr. Lehmann performs a broad range of procedures including catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and flutter, ablation of supraventricular arrhythmias as well as ablation of ventricular tachycardias and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). He performs cutting edge therapies such as alcohol ablation of arrhythmias. He is also well versed in the implantation of cardiac devices including pacemakers and defibrillators (traditional, leadless, and extravascular). He also performs left atrial appendage occlusion using the Watchman device. Above all, Dr. Lehmann is committed to providing outstanding and personalized comprehensive arrhythmia care. He strives to prioritize patient empowerment and engagement in care.

    A comprehensive list of Dr. Lehmann’s publications can be found at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=lehmann+hi

    Board Certification

    American Board of Internal Medicine (Internal Medicine)
    American Board of Internal Medicine (Sub: Cardiovascular Disease)
    American Board of Internal Medicine (Sub: Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology)
    Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates
    National Board of Medical Examiners

    Patient Rating

    Rating: 4.9 out of 5
    4.9 /5
    ( out of 107 reviews )

    The patient rating score is an average of all responses on our patient experience survey. The rating averages scores for all questions about care from our providers.

    The scale on which responses are measured is 1 to 5 with 5 being the best score.

    Patient Comments

    Patient comments are gathered from our patient experience survey and displayed in their entirety. For the convenience of our visitors, some patient comments have been translated from their original language into English while preserving their original meaning as accurately as possible. Patients are de-identified for confidentiality and patient privacy.

    September 29, 2025
    SUGAR HOUSE HEALTH CENTER
    Rating: 5 out of 5

    He was great b

    September 15, 2025
    SUGAR HOUSE HEALTH CENTER
    Rating: 5 out of 5

    Dr. Lehmann was very thorough, explained things well about my atrial fibrillation, discussed treatment options, and answered all of our questions.

    August 23, 2025
    EXTERNAL SITE
    Rating: 5 out of 5

    This Doctor was extremely knowledgeable and courtesy, he explained everything and then gave all the available options and risks with each. I really felt comfortable and was able to make a informed decision.

    August 11, 2025
    SUGAR HOUSE HEALTH CENTER
    Rating: 5 out of 5

    Dr. Lehmann interaction was excellent. Listened carefully, explained options in a very understandable way and addressed every one of my concerns/questions.

    August 11, 2025
    SUGAR HOUSE HEALTH CENTER
    Rating: 5 out of 5

    He is a smart man. Answered all our questions patiently. Explained questions so I understood or my daughter understood. I rate him as a great & kind doctor.

    July 19, 2025
    SUGAR HOUSE HEALTH CENTER
    Rating: 4 out of 5

    Wait time was excessive ... Nearly 45 minutes after my appointment

    July 19, 2025
    SUGAR HOUSE HEALTH CENTER
    Rating: 5 out of 5

    Dr. Lehmann is caring, attentive, and patient. He listens and spends time with his patients. Reassuring you in every step of the procedure procedures. I highly recommend him.

    July 17, 2025
    SUGAR HOUSE HEALTH CENTER
    Rating: 5 out of 5

    I had an Ablasion a couple months ago, during this you are awake and I was able to listen to and watch Dr. Lehman with his team, other people in the operating room took breaks, but none of the doctors did. They tried to fix me for close to seven hours and did not give up. This is why I am willing to do it again. This time they will get it and I will be good as new.

    July 11, 2025
    SUGAR HOUSE HEALTH CENTER
    Rating: 4 out of 5

    He was very nice, easy to understand, explained everything very clearly

  • H. Immo Lehmann, M.D., Ph.D., FACC, FHRS is a Cardiologist and Assistant Professor who specializes in heart rhythm disorders such as atrial fibrillation and flutter, supraventricular arrhythmias, and ventricular arrhythmias at the University of Utah.

    A native of Northern Germany, he completed his Internal Medicine Residency at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). He completed fellowships in Cardiovascular Medicine at the Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA where he was also a John S. LaDue Memorial Fellow. He subsequently completed a fellowship in Cardiovascular Electrophysiology at the University of Michigan. During his training he also gathered extensive research experience in electrophysiology, investigating innovative and cutting-edge therapeutic technologies for arrhythmia treatment at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN.

    Dr. Lehmann performs a broad range of procedures including catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and flutter, ablation of supraventricular arrhythmias as well as ablation of ventricular tachycardias and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). He performs cutting edge therapies such as alcohol ablation of arrhythmias. He is also well versed in the implantation of cardiac devices including pacemakers and defibrillators (traditional, leadless, and extravascular). He also performs left atrial appendage occlusion using the Watchman device. Above all, Dr. Lehmann is committed to providing outstanding and personalized comprehensive arrhythmia care. He strives to prioritize patient empowerment and engagement in care.

    A comprehensive list of Dr. Lehmann’s publications can be found at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=lehmann+hi

    Board Certification and Academic Information

    Academic Departments Internal Medicine -Assistant Professor (Clinical)
    Academic Divisions Cardiovascular Medicine
    Board Certification
    American Board of Internal Medicine (Internal Medicine)
    American Board of Internal Medicine (Sub: Cardiovascular Disease)
    American Board of Internal Medicine (Sub: Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology)
    Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates
    National Board of Medical Examiners

    Education history

    Fellowship Cardiac Electrophysiology - University of Michigan Fellow
    Fellowship Cardiology - Massachusetts General Hospital Fellow
    Research Fellow Cardiology - Harvard Medical School Research Fellow
    Residency Internal Medicine - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Resident
    Internship Internal Medicine - University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Intern
    Postdoctoral Fellowship Translational Interventional Electrophysiology Laboratory - Mayo Clinic Postdoctoral Fellow
    Doctoral Training Cardiology / Clinical Pharmacology - Otto-von-Guericke-University Dr. med.
    Other Training Exchange medical student - Good Samaritan Hospital and University of Rennes (CHU de Rennes)
    Doctoral Training Federal Boards of Medicine - Otto-von-Guericke-University M.D.

    Selected Publications

    Journal Article

    1. Suzuki A, Lehmann HI, Konishi H, Wang S, Hohmann S, Rettman ME, Newman LK, Parker KD, Curley MG, Packer DL (2024). Potential Microemboli Formation Risk and its Management during the Heated Saline Enhanced Radiofrequency (SERF) Needle-tip Catheter Ablation. Heart Rhythm. (Read full publication)
    2. Kovacs B, Lehmann HI, Manninger M, Saguner AM, Futyma P, Duncker D, Chun J (2024). Stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation and its implications for modern cardiac electrophysiology: results of an EHRA survey. Europace, 26(5). (Read full publication)
    3. Wang J, Liu S, Meng X, Zhao X, Wang T, Lei Z, Lehmann HI, Li G, Alcaide P, Bei Y, Xiao J (2024). Exercise Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Regulating B Cells. Circ Res, 134(5), 550-568. (Read full publication)
    4. Wang L, Feng J, Feng X, Meng D, Zhao X, Wang J, Yu P, Xu GE, Hu M, Wang T, Lehmann HI, Li G, Sluijter JPG, Xiao J (2023). Exercise-induced circular RNA circUtrn is required for cardiac physiological hypertrophy and prevents myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Cardiovasc Res, 119(16), 2638-2652. (Read full publication)
    5. Chatterjee E, Rodosthenous RS, Kujala V, Gokulnath P, Spanos M, Lehmann HI, de Oliveira GP, Shi M, Miller-Fleming TW, Li G, Ghiran IC, Karalis K, Lindenfeld J, Mosley JD, Lau ES, Ho JE, Sheng Q, Shah R, Das S (2023). Circulating extracellular vesicles in human cardiorenal syndrome promote renal injury in a kidney-on-chip system. JCI Insight, 8(22). (Read full publication)
    6. Ghanbari H, Whibley D, Lehmann HI, Li Z, Kratz A, Clauw DJ, Nallamothu BK (2023). Episodes of Atrial Fibrillation and Symptoms: A Temporal Analysis. Cardiovasc Digit Health J, 4(5), 143-148. (Read full publication)
    7. Chen R, Yang T, Jin B, Xu W, Yan Y, Wood N, Lehmann HI, Wang S, Zhu X, Yuan W, Chen H, Liu Z, Li G, Bowen TS, Li J, Xiao J (2023). CircTmeff1 Promotes Muscle Atrophy by Interacting with TDP-43 and Encoding A Novel TMEFF1-339aa Protein. Adv Sci (Weinh), 10(17), e2206732. (Read full publication)
    8. Zhao J, Yu Y, Zhu X, Xie Y, Ai S, Lehmann HI, Deng X, Hu F, Li G, Zhou Y, Xiao J (2023). Predicting risk on cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease based on a physical activity cohort: Results from APAC study. MedComm (2020), 4(2), e220. (Read full publication)
    9. Yu P, Wang J, Xu GE, Zhao X, Cui X, Feng J, Sun J, Wang T, Spanos M, Lehmann HI, Li G, Xu J, Wang L, Xiao J (2023). RNA m(6)A-Regulated circ-ZNF609 Suppression Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Upregulating FTO. JACC Basic Transl Sci, 8(6), 677-698. (Read full publication)
    10. Gokulnath P, Spanos M, Lehmann HI, Sheng Q, Rodosthenous R, Chaffin M, Varrias D, Chatterjee E, Hutchins E, Li G, Daaboul G, Rana F, Wang AM, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Ellinor PT, Shah R, Das S (2023). Plasma extracellular vesicle transcriptome as a dynamic liquid biopsy in acute heart failure. (Read full publication)
    11. Bei Y, Chen C, Hua X, Yin M, Meng X, Huang Z, Qi W, Su Z, Liu C, Lehmann HI, Li G, Huang Y, Xiao J (2023). A modified apical resection model with high accuracy and reproducibility in neonatal mouse and rat hearts. NPJ Regen Med, 8(1), 9. (Read full publication)
    12. Lehmann HI, Sharma K, Bhatia R, Mills T, Lang J, Li G, Andrews C, Cullivan J, Singh J, Mela T (2023). Real-World Disparities in Remote Follow-Up of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices and Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single-Center Experience. J Am Heart Assoc, 12(3), e027500. (Read full publication)
    13. Wang L, Wang J, Yu P, Feng J, Xu GE, Zhao X, Wang T, Lehmann HI, Li G, Sluijter JPG, Xiao J (2022). METTL14 is required for exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy and protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nat Commun, 13(1), 6762. (Read full publication)
    14. Spanos M, Shachar S, Sweeney T, Lehmann HI, Gokulnath P, Li G, Sigal GB, Nagaraj R, Bathala P, Rana F, Shah RV, Routenberg DA, Das S (2022). Elevation of neural injury markers in patients with neurologic sequelae after hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 infection. iScience, 25(8), 104833. (Read full publication)
    15. Suzuki A, Fujiwara R, Asada H, Iwasa K, Miyata T, Song WH, Higuchi K, Seo H, Sakamoto Y, Shimizu M, Soga F, Shibata H, Kozuki A, Nagoshi R, Lehmann HI, Kijima Y, Shite J (2021). Peri-Balloon Leak Flow Velocity Assessed by Intra-Cardiac Echography Predicts Pulmonary Vein Electrical Gap - Intra-Cardiac Echography-Guided Contrast-Free Cryoballoon Ablation. Circ J, 86(2), 256-265. (Read full publication)
    16. Dickow J, Wang S, Suzuki A, Imamura K, Lehmann HI, Parker KD, Newman LK, Monahan KH, Rettmann ME, Curley MG, Packer DL (2020). Real-time intracardiac echocardiography validation of saline-enhanced radiofrequency needle-tip ablation: lesion characteristics and gross pathology correlation. Europace, 23(11), 1826-1836. (Read full publication)
    17. Suzuki A, Lehmann HI, Wang S, Monahan KH, Parker KD, Rettmann ME, Curley MG, Packer DL (2020). Impact of myocardial fiber orientation on lesions created by a novel heated saline-enhanced radiofrequency needle-tip catheter: An MRI lesion validation study. Heart Rhythm, 18(3), 443-452. (Read full publication)
    18. Dickow J, Suzuki A, Henz BD, Madhavan M, Lehmann HI, Wang S, Parker KD, Monahan KH, Rettmann ME, Curley MG, Packer DL (2020). Characterization of Lesions Created by a Heated, Saline Irrigated Needle-Tip Catheter in the Normal and Infarcted Canine Heart. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 13(12), e009090. (Read full publication)
    19. Suzuki A, Lehmann HI, Wang S, Parker KD, Rettmann ME, Monahan KH, Packer DL (2020). Biophysical properties, efficacy, and lesion characteristics of a new linear cryoablation catheter in a canine model. Heart Rhythm, 17(11), 1967-1975. (Read full publication)
    20. Suzuki A, Deisher AJ, Rettmann ME, Lehmann HI, Hohmann S, Wang S, Konishi H, Kruse JJ, Cusma JT, Newman LK, Parker KD, Monahan KH, Herman MG, Packer DL (2020). Catheter-Free Arrhythmia Ablation Using Scanned Proton Beams: Electrophysiologic Outcomes, Biophysics, and Characterization of Lesion Formation in a Porcine Model. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 13(10), e008838. (Read full publication)
    21. Guhl EN, Smith B, Lehmann H, Adelstein E, Bhonsale A, Kancharla K, Voigt A, Wang NC, Saba S, Jain SK (2018). Improvement in ejection fraction after cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation in individuals with systolic dysfunction. J Interv Card Electrophysiol, 54(3), 225-229. (Read full publication)
    22. Rapp F, Simoniello P, Wiedemann J, Bahrami K, Grnebaum V, Ktitareva S, Durante M, Lugenbiel P, Thomas D, Lehmann HI, Packer DL, Graeff C, Fournier C (2019). Biological Cardiac Tissue Effects of High-Energy Heavy Ions - Investigation for Myocardial Ablation. Sci Rep, 9(1), 5000. (Read full publication)
    23. Livia C, Sugrue A, Witt T, Polkinghorne MD, Maor E, Kapa S, Lehmann HI, DeSimone CV, Behfar A, Asirvatham SJ, McLeod CJ (2018). Elimination of Purkinje Fibers by Electroporation Reduces Ventricular Fibrillation Vulnerability. J Am Heart Assoc, 7(15), e009070. (Read full publication)
    24. Lehmann HI, Meltendorf U, Klein HU (2018). Long-term follow-up of permanent atrial standstill in a German family with mutation in the SCN5A gene. HeartRhythm Case Rep, 4(8), 356-358. (Read full publication)
    25. Prall M, Eichhorn A, Richter D, Lehmann HI, Constantinescu A, Kaderka R, Lugenbiel P, Thomas D, Bert C, Packer DL, Durante M, Graeff C (2017). Immobilization for carbon ion beam ablation of cardiac structures in a porcine model. Phys Med, 43, 134-139. (Read full publication)
    26. Richter D, Lehmann HI, Eichhorn A, Constantinescu AM, Kaderka R, Prall M, Lugenbiel P, Takami M, Thomas D, Bert C, Durante M, Packer DL, Graeff C (2017). ECG-based 4D-dose reconstruction of cardiac arrhythmia ablation with carbon ion beams: application in a porcine model. Phys Med Biol, 62(17), 6869-6883. (Read full publication)
    27. Lehmann HI, Deisher AJ, Takami M, Kruse JJ, Song L, Anderson SE, Cusma JT, Parker KD, Johnson SB, Asirvatham SJ, Miller RC, Herman MG, Packer DL (2016). External Arrhythmia Ablation Using Photon Beams: Ablation of the Atrioventricular Junction in an Intact Animal Model. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 10(4). (Read full publication)
    28. Lehmann HI, Graeff C, Simoniello P, Constantinescu A, Takami M, Lugenbiel P, Richter D, Eichhorn A, Prall M, Kaderka R, Fiedler F, Helmbrecht S, Fournier C, Erbeldinger N, Rahm AK, Rivinius R, Thomas D, Katus HA, Johnson SB, Parker KD, Debus J, Asirvatham SJ, Bert C, Durante M, Packer DL (2016). Feasibility Study on Cardiac Arrhythmia Ablation Using High-Energy Heavy Ion Beams. Sci Rep, 6, 38895. (Read full publication)
    29. Constantinescu A, Lehmann HI, Packer DL, Bert C, Durante M, Graeff C (2016). Treatment Planning Studies in Patient Data With Scanned Carbon Ion Beams for Catheter-Free Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, 27(3), 335-44. (Read full publication)
    30. Takami M, Lehmann HI, Parker KD, Welker KM, Johnson SB, Packer DL (2016). Effect of Left Atrial Ablation Process and Strategy on Microemboli Formation During Irrigated Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation in an In Vivo Model. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 9(1), e003226. (Read full publication)
    31. Takami M, Lehmann HI, Misiri J, Parker KD, Sarmiento RI, Johnson SB, Packer DL (2015). Impact of freezing time and balloon size on the thermodynamics and isolation efficacy during pulmonary vein isolation using the second generation cryoballoon. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 8(4), 836-45. (Read full publication)
    32. Lehmann HI, Richter D, Prokesch H, Graeff C, Prall M, Simoniello P, Fournier C, Bauer J, Kaderka R, Weymann A, Szab G, Sonnenberg K, Constantinescu AM, Johnson SB, Misiri J, Takami M, Miller RC, Herman MG, Asirvatham SJ, Brons S, Jkel O, Haberer T, Debus J, Durante M, Bert C, Packer DL (2015). Atrioventricular node ablation in Langendorff-perfused porcine hearts using carbon ion particle therapy: methods and an in vivo feasibility investigation for catheter-free ablation of cardiac arrhythmias. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 8(2), 429-38. (Read full publication)
    33. Prall M, Lehmann HI, Prokesch H, Richter D, Graeff C, Kaderka R, Sonnenberg K, Hauswald H, Weymann A, Bauer J, Constantinescu A, Haberer T, Debus J, Szab G, Korkmaz S, Durante M, Packer DL, Bert C (2014). Treatment of arrhythmias by external charged particle beams: a Langendorff feasibility study. Biomed Tech (Berl), 60(2), 147-56. (Read full publication)
    34. Rettmann ME, Holmes DR 3rd, Johnson SB, Lehmann HI, Robb RA, Packer DL (2015). Analysis of Left Atrial Respiratory and Cardiac Motion for Cardiac Ablation Therapy. Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng, 9415. (Read full publication)
    35. Takami M, Misiri J, Lehmann HI, Parker KD, Johnson SB, Sarmiento RI, Packer DL (2014). Spatial and time-course thermodynamics during pulmonary vein isolation using the second-generation cryoballoon in a canine in vivo model. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 8(1), 186-92. (Read full publication)
    36. Lehmann HI, Wolke C, Malenke W, Rhl FW, Hammwhner M, Bukowska A, Lendeckel U, Goette A (2012). Enzymatic activity of DPIV and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) proteases in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and primary prevention implantable cardioverter/defibrillator (ICD). Int J Cardiol, 168(1), 255-60. (Read full publication)
    37. Lehmann HI, Goette A, Martens-Lobenhoffer J, Hammwhner M, Rhl FW, Bukowska A, Ghanem A, Klein HU, Bode-Bger SM (2011). Asymmetric dimethylarginine predicts appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator intervention in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Europace, 13(10), 1428-35. (Read full publication)

    Review

    1. Jiang J, Ni L, Zhang X, Chatterjee E, Lehmann HI, Li G, Xiao J (2023). Keeping the Heart Healthy: The Role of Exercise in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration. [Review]. Antioxid Redox Signal, 39(16-18), 1088-1107. (Read full publication)
    2. Qiu Y, Fernndez-Garca B, Lehmann HI, Li G, Kroemer G, Lpez-Otn C, Xiao J (2022). Exercise sustains the hallmarks of health. [Review]. J Sport Health Sci, 12(1), 8-35. (Read full publication)
    3. Yang X, Gokulnath P, Lehmann HI, Hou Z, Yang S, You L, Zhang G, Xing Y, Lei J, Li G, Guo S, Shang H (2022). RNA modifications in aging-associated cardiovascular diseases. [Review]. Aging (Albany NY), 14(19), 8110-8136. (Read full publication)
    4. Lehmann HI, Tsao L, Singh JP (2022). Treatment of cardiac resynchronization therapy non-responders: current approaches and new frontiers. [Review]. Expert Rev Med Devices, 19(7), 539-547. (Read full publication)
    5. Jiapaer Z, Su D, Hua L, Lehmann HI, Gokulnath P, Vulugundam G, Song S, Zhang L, Gong Y, Li G (2022). Regulation and roles of RNA modifications in aging-related diseases. [Review]. Aging Cell, 21(7), e13657. (Read full publication)

    Editorial

    1. Lehmann HI, Stoddard GJ, Ranjan R (2024). Pulse Field Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation and Hemolysis-Red Blood Cells Also Demand Our Attention. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, 35(12), 2411-2413. (Read full publication)
    2. Chen R, Lehmann HI, Xiao J (2022). Novel Effector Molecules Regulating Smooth Muscle Cell Contractility in Marfan Syndrome: Phosphoprotein 1 Secreted by Fibroblasts. J Cardiovasc Transl Res, 15(5), 957-958. (Read full publication)

    Letter

    1. Gokulnath P, Spanos M, Lehmann HI, Sheng Q, Rodosthenous R, Chaffin M, Varrias D, Chatterjee E, Hutchins E, Li G, Daaboul G, Rana F, Wang AM, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Ellinor PT, Shah R, Das S (2024). Distinct Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Transcriptomes in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Subtypes: A Liquid Biopsy Approach. [Letter to the editor]. Circulation, 149(14), 1147-1149. (Read full publication)
    2. Lennon KM, Saftics A, Abuelreich S, Sahu P, Lehmann HI, Maddox AL, Bagabas R, Januzzi JL, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Shah R, Das S, Jovanovic-Talisman T (2022). Cardiac troponin T in extracellular vesicles as a novel biomarker in human cardiovascular disease. [Letter to the editor]. Clin Transl Med, 12(8), e979. (Read full publication)